This law creates the foundation of the modern U.S. welfare state, by providing federal assistance for the elderly, unemployment insurance, and assistance to children whose families have low income. ▶ Start forum discussions, submit articles, and more... about | donate | help out | submitting content | other languages | a-z | contact us | site notes, 1866: Founding of the National Labor Union, Summer, 1877: the Great Railroad Strike, a.k.a. December, 1886: Formation of the American Federation of Labor If you get weekends off or overtime pay, thank the union members who fought for those rights. At long last, the “industrial unionism” dream of the Knights of Labor and the IWW has to some extent been realized. Rutgers University School of Management and Labor Relations, New York Eleven children and two women suffocate and burn to death under one of the tents. The police beat mothers, children, and pregnant women, which so inflames national sentiment that Congress holds investigative hearings that reveal the terrible conditions at the Lawrence mills. 1842 Commonwealth v. Hunt decision frees unions from some prosecutions 1847 New Hampshire enacts first state 10-hour-day law 1898 Erdman Act prohibits discrimination against railroad workers because of union membership and provides for mediation of railway labor disputes 1902 Anthracite strike arbitrated after President Theodore Roosevelt intervenes 1912 Bill creating Departmen… At length the UTW calls off the strike, which ends in total failure. In one of history’s many ironies, though, it is frequently used to justify injunctions against union activities, such as strikes, that are said to interfere with competition. One of the U.S. labor movement’s greatest victories, the NLRA (otherwise known as the Wagner Act) guarantees the right of private-sector employees to organize into unions and bargain collectively, and to strike. 1945-46: Postwar strike wave 1842 Commonwealth v. Hunt decision frees unions from some prosecutions, 1847 New Hampshire enacts first state 10-hour-day law, 1898 Erdman Act prohibits discrimination against railroad workers because of union membership and provides for mediation of railway labor disputes, 1902 Anthracite strike arbitrated after President Theodore Roosevelt intervenes, 1912 Bill creating Department of Labor passes at the end of congressional session, 1913 Woodrow Wilson takes office as president and appoints the first secretary of labor, William B. Wilson of the Mine Workers, 1926 Railway Labor Act sets up procedures to settle railway labor disputes and forbids discrimination against union members, 1931 Davis-Bacon Act provides for prevailing wages on publicly funded construction projects, 1932 Norris-LaGuardia Act prohibits federal injunctions in most labor disputes, 1938 Fair Labor Standards Act establishes first minimum wage and 40-hour week, 1947 Taft-Hartley Act restricts union members’ activities, 1959 Labor Management Reporting and Disclosure Act (Landrum-Griffin) passed, 1962 President John F. Kennedy’s order gives federal workers the right to bargain, 1963 Equal Pay Act bans wage discrimination based on gender, 2002 President George W. Bush pledges to strip collective bargaining rights from 170,000 civil servants in the new Transportation Security Administration and denies bargaining rights to airport-security screening personnel, 2009 President Obama signs the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act, which restored the rights of working women to sue over pay discrimination, 1869 Noble and Holy Order of the Knights of Labor founded, 1869 Colored National Labor Union founded, 1881 Federation of Organized Trades and Labor Unions formed, 1882 First Labor Day parade held in New York City, 1886 American Federation of Labor founded, 1903 Women’s Trade Union League formed at the AFL convention, 1905 Industrial Workers of the World founded, 1908 The AFL endorses Democrat William Jennings Bryan for U.S. president, 1918 Leadership of IWW sentenced to federal prison charges of disloyalty to the United States, 1919 International Labor Organization founded in France, 1924 Samuel Gompers dies; William Green becomes AFL president, 1935 Committee for Industrial Organization (CIO) formed within the AFL, 1936 The AFL and the CIO create Non-Partisan League and help President Roosevelt win re-election to a second term, 1938 The Congress of Industrial Organization (CIO) forms as an independent federation; John L. Lewis president, 1940 John L. Lewis resigns; Phillip Murray becomes CIO president, 1943 The CIO forms first political action committee to get out the union vote for President Roosevelt, 1949 The first two of 11 unions with Communist leaders are purged from the CIO, 1952 William Green and Phillip Murray die; George Meany and Walter Reuther become presidents of the AFL and the CIO, respectively, 1955 The AFL and the CIO merge; George Meany president, 1957 The AFL-CIO expels two affiliates for corruption, 1965 The AFL-CIO forms A. Philip Randolph Institute, 1972 Coalition of Black Trade Unionists formed, 1973 Labor Council for Latin American Advancement founded, 1974 Coalition for Labor Union Women founded, 1979 Lane Kirkland elected president of the AFL-CIO, 1990 United Steelworkers of America Labor Alliance created within the AFL-CIO, 1992 Asian Pacific American Labor Alliance created within the AFL-CIO, 1995 Thomas Donahue becomes interim president of the AFL-CIO, 1995 John Sweeney elected AFL-CIO president, 1997 Pride At Work, a national coalition of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender workers becomes an AFL-CIO constituency group, 2002 The AFL-CIO forms the Industrial Union Council, 2003 The AFL-CIO Building and Construction Trades Department launches the Helmets to Hardhats program, 2003 The AFL-CIO establishes Working America to reach out to nonunion members and mobilize workers through door-to-door canvassing in neighborhoods, 2005 Change to Win holds its founding convention in St. Louis, created among seven unions previously members of the AFL-CIO, 2006 The AFL-CIO and the National Day Laborer Organizing Networkform a partnership to collaborate with local worker centers on immigration reform and other issues, 2008 The AFL-CIO establishes the Union Veterans Council, 2009 Richard Trumka elected AFL-CIO president, 2009 The first of three unions leave Change to Win to reaffiliate with the AFL-CIO, Walter P. Reuther Library of Labor and Urban Affairs. 1919: Postwar strike wave Here's a somewhat truncated timeline of U.S. labor history I wrote for an exhibit at the Hull House in Chicago. If it's your first time on the site, or you're looking for something specific, it can be difficult to know where to start. In the following years, such iconic mass unions as the United Autoworkers, the United Electrical Workers, the United Steelworkers, and the United Packinghouse Workers achieve unprecedented successes in their respective industries, and the CIO, having left the AFL, grows to encompass millions of workers by the late 1940s. Rejecting the paradigm of narrow “business unionism” and concessionary bargaining that most unions have followed in recent decades, the CTU embraces a militant, social-movement strategy to fight back against the national assault on public schools and teachers’ unions. Late 1980s: SEIU’s Justice for Janitors campaign begins Florida International University Center for Labor Research & Studies University of Maryland Labor History and Workplace Studies, Massachusetts 1950. Since the summer of 1936, the Steel Workers Organizing Committee (SWOC) (of the CIO) has been signing up thousands of steel workers as members, in the first stage of its drive to organize the steel industry. Introduction. The examples and perspective in this article, Please help by adding an introductory section to this article. Unions focus on raising wages and working standards and help moderate the excessive compensation of executives. More than twenty thousand workers, again primarily women and girls, walk out of the mills in response to a pay cut. 1869. Good wages are part of that calculation, but so are health care, paid sick leave and other rights that make sure that working people can do their jobs and take care of their families.
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